I've been hunting elk for 25+ years and in that time, after the initial few years of tag soup (which I hunted with a hand me down bow/ rifle, army surplus and already owned backpacking gear), I meet your criteria for success. Gear is bought on sale, and worn until it falls apart, or is passed on. Gear only buys comfort, which aids in success, but doesn't define it. Hunt with what you have, as cheaply as possible, until you get the hang of it, which is a few years learning curve if you are starting from scratch. I personally would count more the cost of the tag, fuel, food, processing, scouting time, and range time, then the year over year cost. I don't spend much on a yearly basis outside those anymore, unless I want something new and shiny, or I'm trying to cut ozs. from my pack. So ultimately, gear doesn't make the hunt, and shouldn't really be looked at as the primary cost, as it's durable, and doesn't need to be re-purchased every year. Look at your yearly consumables as the real cost, which for a DIY resident, typically comes in at $1000-$1500 a year, maybe another $1000 if I pay for taxidermy, or process multiple animals. Cut meat at home and that cost probably goes down $500/ animal.
This year that yielded 75 lbs of processed bear meat, and 200 lbs of processed elk (and most of my processed is breakfast sausage, chorizo, etc, so not the cheapest options...)
Don't get caught up in all the gear optimization $$ when you are just getting started, I think you will find, a majority of the successful hunters here would count the time spent hunting with $300 binos, $100 boots and a $500 bow as more valuable then the high dollar stuff we bought later.