The basics of either kind of hunting are simple, but the devil is in the details. It says it all when we talk about the kinds of long range things we talk about and our wives say, “How do you guys know all that?” A new hunter that doesn’t have his system sorted out completely will miss some animals because they haven’t fully thought through or experienced all the situations that are likely to be encountered and how to deal with them.
Range estimation for quick shots requires some feel for yardage. If a hunter has to laser every animal, a small percentage of relatively close shots will slip through the cracks. Proficiency at long range with a rifle isn’t easy - it’s a different skill set from archery and has to be practiced regularly to get that muscle memory. It’s also a skill to find animals in the scope quickly - it’s second nature, but only because of the trigger time over the years. Offhand shooting can be a specialty in itself.
Especially when stretching beyond 400 yards, wind calls becoming increasingly important. If someone can’t tell the difference between a 5 mph and 15 mph cross wind, that’s going to limit effective range in some situations.
If we polled archery hunters about how far to lead a moving animal with a rifle, they would have a hard time guessing, not that average hunters are any better. It’s a good skill to have, or at least know when to throw in the towel.
When a mulie is jumped and he’s headed over a knob or ridge, both kinds of hunters have a feel for when they will pause and look back, but the rifle shooter gets down to business and knows when the deer stops the rifle has to go bang. We also know sometimes an all out run is required to get to a vantage point for a shot before the deer disappears into thick vegetation or terrain. I keep a small cow elk call on the binocular strap to get a bedded deer to stand up, stop a walking deer/antelope/elk, or get one going away to turn a bit - how it’s used is somewhat unique to rifle hunting just because of the distances involved - with a lot of use it becomes automatic to use when it would help, but it requires time in the driver’s seat.
Stalking is different, at least having a good feel for where you need to be for a long shot is different - the variety of doable shots is different. Antelope hunting I’m always working to get to a slight rise or knob - that’s automatic to me, but something not even on the radar of bow hunters. Same for getting caught out in the open - I was crossing a big bowl packing out an elk and a big mulie had walked over the top opposite of me maybe 800 yards away - to the right is so steep it can’t be climbed, back tracking and getting on top of the bowl puts the wind at my back, and the instant choice of all bow hunters is going down hill to get in the trees, follow it around the bowl, and pop out 100 yards from him. Out in the wide open with him pawing at snow, a single deer you can see clearly is a dead deer. I walked right at him, stopping unless his head was down, and closing the distance to 400 yards - Bang Bang.
As everyone else has said, elk are very different during rifle season. Even still hunting in the timber requires a different feel for how fast to push, how far you can shoot, and when everything explodes and your brain is on overload, what you practice is what you’ll do. I’ll bet many animals have simply walked away at easy rifle range just because the brain wasn’t conditioned to rifle ranges.
Then there are the simple things like not sticking the muzzle in the dirt, or banging a scope into a rock, even a little bit. When it’s raining, keeping the scope covers closed until your ready to shoot - if there are no covers, protecting the lenses at all cost. Not hanging the rifle off a shoulder unless you need to or those few seconds can cost you. Basic gun safety sounds easier than it is to do consistently. Think of all the things a new shooter learns over a period of years. My nephew has hunted a number of years, but I’m constantly reminding him he better get his asss in gear and shoot pretty dammed soon - the kinks just haven’t been fully worked out of his system so he’s better at killing turtles than hares.
