I spend a few hundred hours a year plowing state highways, the main thing I've learned is you can't take anything for granted this time of year. Especially in the dark. Sounds like they got some snow overnight and roads hadn't been plowed. I dunno what they do for sanding/salting out there, I'm assuming they can't do much because its open country. If you've been having the temp swings we've been having this week your road temps are high, when it snows you get a little that sticks and melts, and refreezes. if it was zero out, it wouldn't melt, it would blow off and you'd probably have decent traction. We got called out earlier this week because temps rose overnight and caused a bunch of fog that then caused ice, which is a strange condition for MN in January that most people wouldn't expect.
I say all of this to emphasize that its winter, and you can't assume anything when it comes to road conditions, especially in the dark, after it snows, around sunrise (temp swings can cause frost) on bridge decks, etc, etc, etc.
Even if you have AWD, 4x4, Snow tires, etc, those things help, but they can cause a false sense of security as well. I wouldn't say you were going that fast or did anything dumb, but I'd guess you just got some real world experience with your local driving conditions that will influence your perceptions the next time around, and it doesn't even have to be your driving, its the broke college kid with banana skins for tires that doesn't know what you know about the area that loses it in front of you.
Slow down, have good tires, assume the roads are slick, and don't crowd the guy in front of you.
And if you're following the plow at night, turn your brights off, he'll appreciate it.