CONVICT CONDITIONING by Paul Wade is the cheapest (and best) thing I can think of. It's a book ($24 paperback amazon, cheaper on ebay, cheaper yet digitally) that explains step by step directions to work out every muscle group with out a gym. All you need is something to hang on and a few feet of space. He explains how calisthenics (using your body weight for resistance) is better than weights for literally every reason to work out. How many people blew out their back doing back bridges? Vs lifting barbells? How many people have shoulder and back pain from doing pushups? Vs benching?etc. etc.
Calisthenic training also gives you real-world strength. You might find yourself in a situation where being able to do a one-handed chinup is advantageous. When would it do you any good to curl 100lbs? Plus a one handed chinup(or pushup, or handstand) looks cooler (IMO, if that's what your after) anyhow.
A 300lb gluton could bench 300lbs and not be able to do 1 pushup. I haven't reached the advanced level of his program, but I know that the elementary/intermediate parts of it work!
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Depending on slight variations for body proportions, A push up is only right around 70% of total Bodyweight. Any person who can bench press their Bodyweight, can easily do a push up. #Physics
Calisthenics programs do address the posterior chain, easily the most functional strength a person can obtain or maintain.
Calisthenics do very little to nothing to address the maintenance of bone density since the movements are sub maximal, do not sufficiently stress the body as an entire system and can’t be progressively loaded over time.
There is no such thing as “real world strength”, there is only strength. Most muscles in your body only perform single functions: the quad extends the knee, the tricep extends the elbow, spinal erectors keep the spine straight, Lars pull, etc. these muscles don’t know if you’re bailing hay, pushing a car out of a ditch or deadlifting. They simply perform their tasks in conjunction with the rest of the body and are either strong enough for the task at hand or they are not. Now, certainly you could make the case that bodybuilders doing hypertrophy training for pure aesthetics aren’t so “functional” as they relate to the size of their muscles, which is not an unreasonable assertion-many bodybuilders, despite their size, aren’t actually very strong. Hypertrophy training, however, is very different from strength training and I don’t think any reasonable person asserts that one should train primarily hypertrophy if their goal is simply a strong body or for athletic performance. That being said, people do often confuse “lifting weights” or simply “going to the gym” as being “bodybuilding” and if you refer to “strength training” people often confuse it with “powerlifting”, which, even though they share the same principle movements, “powerlifting” is the sport of competing in those movements for single lifts and the training itself may look quite different as well as the outcome.
Calisthenics have their place, but they are not by any means a superior, one stop solution to obtaining or maintaining a strong and healthy body.