I think most of this never-ending debate comes from real, or perceived, over-crowding. There's not many of us that trust State agencies or federal agencies to manage ANY public resource in the best interests of the people that pay the bills (i.e. taxpayers). In this case, hunters. We've seen gross negligence and mismanagement at times that shattered our trust and made us leery of believing the agencies rhetoric, and rightly so. There's never going to be enough opportunity for everyone to get the chance they want. The resident hunter that has a tough season and happens upon non-res license plates in his/her spot is most likely going to be fired up about non-residents being allowed too much opportunity. Or a state that reduces non-resident tag allocations is going to draw a lot of negative press from out of state hunters whose childhood dreams have been dashed. There's multitudes of electronic tools that have removed much of the mystery from hunting in places that used to only be known to locals. Just look at the hundreds of complaints on this forum of people's honey holes being plastered all over YouTube by someone looking for "likes" and subscribers.
Our industry and favorite pastime is a very cannibalistic beast, and is all based upon a resource that is in limited supply, and that Mother Nature can snatch away with one hard winter, or one new subdivision, or regulation changes, etc. I do believe that most people, resident or non-resident, deserve the chance to enjoy this resource. However, litigation, state agencies, and state constutional ammendments have always leaned towards the residents of said state receiving the lions share of the access towards the wildlife resources in that state. It will continue to be that way for the foreseeable future. Many of the states that hold the prized Western big game resources have seen huge influxes of new residents, and huge influxes in the number of "visitors". Cities haven't responded quickly with new infrastructure leading to congestion and frustration for the people that are long time residents of that city. They hear "I just moved here from (insert Left Coast state)" more times in a week than they used to hear in a year.
My point is...there isn't an answer. Sorry, but that's the truth. I said it. Give more tags to non-residents, the tax-paying, city-supporting residents will come unhinged. Take away non-resident tags, and the State game agencies have to raise tag prices on residents or increase resident tag allocations to satisfy the state bean counters who demand more revenue daily.
Bottom line is, not everyone is going to get the chance they want. In fact, very few are going to get the chance they truly want to hunt bighorn sheep, or rut-crazed mules, ect. The only solution is to lobby whoever or wherever you can to make your hunting experience the best you can. All of us would like to hunt Henry Mountains mulies, or Missouri Breaks bighorns, but most of us will be hunting the equivalent of Colorado OTC in the October pumpkin patch. Be glad these opportunities still exist and that you have the means to enjoy a Western hunt of any sort. The time will come when development, poor management, and unharnessed greed will steal most of those opportunities from normal hunters, and only then will we collectively realize "how good it was".