In my immediate area, the cows I have a problem with are the grazing rights on wintering grounds. If you’re going to close access to wintering grounds as a limited resource, why the hell are cattle grazing the shit out of it all summer?
The grazing that I run into the most often that has the most impact is sheep grazing. Those things graze the land down to nothing and shit all over everything, including directly in the streams, in the process. Add in the sheep dogs to the mix and it’s a huge impact to have such concentrated grazing pressure.
There’s one family who has most or all of the local sheep grazing permits, 3 generations deep. The patriarch has a saying, “my daddy always said that the high country is for the sheep.” Um, no, the high country is for the elk, the goats, the mulies and the big horns. Your daddy lied to you.
I’ve never had an issue with the Shepard’s or the dogs, but I’ve heard of problematic and aggressive sheep dogs causing issues on trails.