That link doesn't really make any sense. Senators would be more responsive to the interests of their state if legislators, rather than the people themselves elected them?
Yes because of this (from the article, emphasis added):
"The idea was that the states would send the senators to Washington to represent them. If a senator started voting against the best interests of the state which he represented, he could be
immediately recalled."
"Without the 17th amendment the senators would be kept in check. They would be watched closely by the state legislatures. So what happens when the state legislatures fail to make sure no unconstitutional bills are voted for by the senators? That’s where the people come in. It is much easier for the people of a state to contact and put pressure on the state representatives which reside in their district than it is for them to try to get a U.S. Senator to listen to them all the way from Washington."
"The idea is that the people would keep a close eye on their state legislatures, and the state legislatures would then keep a close eye on the senators that represent them."
The 17th Amendment doesn't grant power to the federal government and take power away from the states
I never said that it grants power to the federal government, but it does take a check away from controlling the size of the federal government. It does however, take power away from the states. When Senators were appointed by the state legislatures, they were not interested in any national interest groups because they had to answer to their own state. Now, with the 17th amendment, we've effectively removed bicameralism and essentially have to houses of representatives.
--it takes power away from politicians and party structures at the state level and places it in the hands of the people.
And that's exactly what makes it unconstitutional. Here's how it was originally intended to work:
The people are represented by the house
The states are represented by the senate
The nation is represented by the president
States lost much of thier ability to control the federal government because the state legislatures are no longer represented by the senators.
The federal government as designed by the founders was designed to be unresponsive to the will of the people. Read Madison, Federalist #10. That's why, according to the original plan of government, the people had no guarantee of influencing the government other than through their district representative--no direct election of senators, an appointed judiciary and executive branch, an electoral college.
That is mostly correct. The president is not appointed, the president is elected by the people through the electoral college. But, the rest is spot on. One of the important reasons for Hamilton, Madison and Jay to write the Federalist Papers was to convince the states, particularly New York, that they wouldn't be relinquishing their power to a bloated federal government if they agreed to the Constitution. They were trying to explain exactly how the states would retain their rights and powers that they currently had and how they would be able to restrain the federal government and keep it in check. They had just overthrown a tyrannical monarchy and they wanted assurances that they weren't going to eventually end up back their.
The framers designed a system of government that was rather well insulated from the popular will--a point that is often lost when we mythologize the politics that shaped our constitution.
Not on me. I almost always make it a point to correct people that say we are a democracy. We are not, we are a Republic. If you want to see what happens with a democracy, then look at Baltimore or Ferguson. Mob rule is a pitfall within democracy that everyone seems to 'mythologize' over when discussing it. This is the exact reason why they intended to insulate the government from the popular will.
The 17th Amendment was passed in order to give "the people" greater say in governance
The people are already represented by the house. Now they are represented by the House and Senate. Who represents the states?
The modern movement to repeal it is essentially so that the same arbitrary designation of gerrymandered voting districts keeping a certain set of interests in control of Congress and most state legislatures will influence the composition of the Senate.
State legislatures were not intended to simply influence the composition of the Senate, they were suppose to determine the exact composition of the Senate so that they would have a place at the table. That's the whole point of a bicameral house and a Federalist system. Is gerrymandering a problem? Sure, but you don't need to destroy the basic tenets of our government to fix it. The movement to repeal it isn't about 'arbitrary designation of gerrymandered voting districts' (by the way, they are either arbitrary or gerrymandered, they can't be both), it's about restoring power back to the states and trying to reign in the bloated federal government.