There are only 3 possibilities, two could be in combination.
1. The barrel isn't threading fully into the receiver. At anything over 50 ftlbs torque, this seems unlikely. However, cleaning the action threads and locking lugs with carbon remover, and scrubbing is a worthwhile task. Get it squeaky clean. Same with the barrel threads.
Also take the scope mount off the ring and make sure no screws are binding it, same with action screw.
Wear on the threads of the barrel or action only mean it won't time the same, but the shoulder to breech dimension doesn't change. By "time", I mean the lettering on the outside is rotated more due to loose threads.
2. The bolt lugs, either on the bolt head or abutments in the action are worn, displaced, etc. i.e. not in the same spot as prior. Possible, but rare in modern actions. Even ones with tens of thousands of rounds show tiny amounts of wear. One final possibility is the action had a burr or machining feature on one of the abutments and it has finally worn off, or battered flat. Inspect the locking abutments. Was the bolt lapped into the lugs?
Combo of the two above.
3. Lastly, it wasn't right before, and still isn't now. I've seen a few goofs where a no-go gauge got swapped for a go gauge and the headspace was long.
Since you said you checked with a field gauge, that is concerning. They are way long. Are the gauges all the same brand? This matters. Forster can be different than Manson, or Clymer, or JGS, PTG, etc. I have seen more than a few rifles not work with one or the other gauge.
I'll also throw out one bonus possibility. You swapped the bolt with another rifle by accident.
Jeremy