Can you elaborate on calculating actual drops? The range around here will only let you hang a target at 100 and 200yds. Everything past that is steel. What do you do?
Can you see impacts on the steel, tell exactly where the bullet hit or good berms behind targets? Are you using factory ammo?
If you are using factory ammo just start out with the velocity stated by the manufacturer and plug that into a ballistic calculator. I use shooter and ABMobile but jbm ballistics works too. In your situation I would say chronograph would definitely be beneficial.
I forget I’m lucky and have all the space to shoot that I want and have not been to any kind of public-range in over 20yrs. If I was in your shoes and I was shooting factory ammo without a chronograph I would get my zero perfectly set at 100yrds. The factory ammo should give you a starting point for velocity, in my experience that number could be off as far as +- 100fps but it can still give you a starting point.
Use the factory velocity and use that number in a ballistics program to get a drop estimates. If you have decent rifle and can shoot decent (shoot MOA, preferably a little smaller) you could then shoot at 200 yards and get really good 4-5 shot group and use the center of that group for the drop and compare it to what the ballistics app gave you if it is off adjust the velocity up or down to get it to match you 200yrd drop. You shouldn’t have to adjust it more than that 100fps up or down, if it’s more than that likely something is wrong. The problem with doing this is at 200 yards is 100fps is only going to equate to 1/2” or so, your group needs to be good. Normally I wouldn’t do this but since it’s a public range they may frown upon just throwing rounds down range, if not then I would skip the 200 yard group because honestly it might be useless, maybe just shoot one shot to verify it’s close to the drop the program gives you.
I would then go to 400 yds and use the drop from the ballistics app to get close and then shoot and adjust to get your drop but you need to adjust until your actually hitting exactly where your aiming, record your drop in MOA/MILs that you had to adjust up from you 100 yard zero. Do this again at 600 and then again at 800-1000. The more points you have, the further you can shoot, the more accurate you are on exact adjustments the better. You will then enter the adjustments you made and the distance into a velocity calibration in the ballistics app and it will give you a velocity based off your actual drop data. Make sure the distance you use to the target are accurate too.
What’s the purpose? If you got good drop data then the velocity you got should be accurate and now you can use that velocity in the app to get drop data in different weather conditions and elevations. The drop data you gathered by shooting is only good for the specific weather and air pressure that you gathered the data in.
A chronograph definitely make the process a little simpler but you still have to shoot several shots at a few different ranges to make sure the ballistics app information matches real world drops and many times it won’t and you will have to adjust the velocity or BC some.
I made it seem very complicated but it’s actually very simple. Don’t know if I explained that very well and perhaps I explained something you weren’t even asking. Sorry, if that didn’t help.