I have a rifle built on a Zermatt Origin short action with 6.5 PRC and 223 barrels. I'd also like to get a 6.5 or 6 Creedmoor barrel some time in the future. Zermatt actions as well as the Aero Precision Solus and Falkor LW7 (and maybe some others) have interchangeable bolt heads. I have the magnum, standard, and 223 bolt heads. Combined with Hawkins Hunter bottom metal, and different mag boxes you can run all kinds of stuff.
The only limit in a short action could be mag length when running a 6.5 PRC or 7 saum. I've also use a long action with/without a mag block with 6.5 PRC and 280 Ackley barrels.
It is nice having the same stock, scope , etc.
If you go this way, I'd recommend using a pic rail for scope mounting - makes changing barrels much easier. I went the with ringmounts and need to remount and level my scope each time I change barrels.