You picked a great place as a base camp: Glasgow. I don't know if a canoe is necessary unless you have access to the Milk River. It wont work on Ft. Peck unless zero wind for days and you hugged the bank, Bowdoin reservoir near Malta might work but haven't hunted waterfowl there. I wouldn't haul one if it were me.
Anyhoo, last time I did upland and waterfowl up there I just jumped stock ponds (can see from Google Earth) on BLM land and very small creeks. If you have access to the Milk, but don't have a dog you may not be able to retrieve the downed ducks: uncool. On stock ponds and small creeks, just wear waders and you're good to go. I never hunted geese over decoys up there but imagine it would be very good.
As with everything: it depends. There may be tons of ducks in the area and the ponds and creeks might not be frozen over, or it could be a miserable white out.
You can get an upland tag and hunt sharpies, huns and pheasant forever up there. Check out block management and the MT FWP program for upland game, not sure the name of it. Strongly recommend using google earth, find block management places and look way off the road for cover, creeks, gullies, etc.. to plan your trip. The farther off the road the better but with a very good GPS to get you back to your truck (don't ask my how I know). I found a place on public land with an ancient abandoned farm house, way off the road, down in a gully and shot my fill of wild pheasants and huns. Will never forget that day!
You might be able to find prairie dog towns, hunt coyotes and fox, etc..
Given how far your going and the time you're investing, please get a very good GPS with a public land chip (OnX Maps) and a Montana Gazetteer map book. It's money in the bank, eliminates confusions, saves time and gas and frustration. Worth every penny. A used or discontinued Garmin Dakota 20 with a chip is one way to go if funds are a bit tight.
Please post pics of your trip when you get back! The difference between Fredricksburg and NE Montana is mind blowing.
