Lots of good info here, but some incorrect and silly blanket statements made as well. I usually don’t comment about what others say, but Elkman17 seems is genuinely interested in learning.
I will try to simplify it as best I can, in as simple language I can. (There are ton of videos out there that will explain this better than I can though.)
When making corrections for bullet “drop” there are three ways to accomplish it that I am aware of.
“Kentucky windage” I call it anyway. Is knowing your rifle and “guessing” your holdover, or bullet drop. This sounds like what BluMtn does.
Reticle subtension. Using the “hash” marks on a reticle to make the correction based on your rifles predetermined and calculated drop. This is almost always accomplished with a FFP scope. As the subtension, (distance between the hash marks) stay the same throughout the zoom range. The reticle will appear to grow and shrink as the power is adjusted. Therefore the correct hash mark can be used at any power.
Turret adjustment. This is what I use, and why I use SFP scopes. Adjusting the turrets to the rifles predetermined and calculated bullet drop. The hash marks are typically not used and really don’t matter. However, unlike previously stated, “with a SFP scope where the hashmarks on the reticle are only accurately subtended at max power” in this case 32x, is incorrect. This reticle is marked with two sets of numbers, one for 16 power and one for 32 power. Therefore, if one chose to, they could use the hash marks to compensate for the drop of the rifle with this SFP scope at either 32x, or 16x. Makes this scope more versatile in my opinion. You can google the CF2D reticle to see for yourself.
I have to chuckle at the silly blanket statements like, I don’t see why anyone would use a SFP scope or SFP scopes are a non-starter. Well someone must use them or scope manufacturers would not be making them. Fortunately my freezers are always full from using my SFP scopes and dialing my corrections. Just works for me and my group of hunting companions. There are more than one way to do things, and everyone is different. I won’t even get into MOA vs Mil…..
I think you are on the right track asking questions. There is a ton of experience on here and you will find the answers you seek with continued research. You may want to talk to someone you know in person, that shoots long enough distances to require correcting for bullet trajectory. Look at their equipment, ask how they do it, and why. Try to find what will work for YOU. Then look for optics to fit your intended use. Also consider purchasing used to save money in case you find you want to change your approach. Good luck!!!