What do you recommend to do from 10am to 4pm to maximize hunting success?
I've heard about mid day madness, but it seems like the wind may be unpredictable during this time, making a stalk high risk. I'm thinking if I heard a bull mid day, I would keep my distance until the late afternoon when the winds are more reliable. And if there's no sign or bugles, I'll hunt my way back to the truck and try a different spot for my evening hunt.
Winds depend on the weather and the terrain, they can be stable in some areas. Thermals will be consistently uphill on an exposed slope on a sunny day, but the north-facing slopes where elk usually hang out midday can definitely be tricky. Still, they're usually going to stabilize by 10 or 11 on a sunny day. Overcast or stormy can be tough.
Scenario 1: you heard some bugling around sunrise and now they've moved off into cover to bed. Take your best guess on where they're bedded down (the more you hunt the same area, the better this guess will be), be conscious of what the wind is currently doing and how it's going to change as the sun gets higher and hits exposed slopes, and position yourself somewhere to wait and listen for their next bugle. I like a real low-pressure approach so I'll throw occasional nonthreatening bugles off and figure that any bull who bugled at dawn is going to bugle at least once from his bed sometime between 0930 - 1200. Once he does, fix that position and make a game plan to stalk him in his bed, stalk close and call, or lurk nearby and wait for him get back up.
Scenario 2: you glassed them around sunrise but they're not making a peep. Similar strategy as above, you're looking to find them in their bedding area, but don't count on hearing a bugle. Get nearby, wait for the wind to stabilize, then still-hunt the timber and try to find them. Look for fresh tracks, try to smell them on the thermal updrafts, listen for snapping twigs or cow sounds, and slowly follow the heaviest trails you can find. Worst case scenario, get in a good spot to watch/listen and just chill for a few hours. Groups of elk will stand up and mill around midday.
Scenario 3: you've got no leads and have no clue where the elk are, options are either set up an ambush (e.g. sit water) or get out there and find them. I'd rather go find them. Cruise ridges looking for sign, hike up and down finger ridges looking for rubs and bedding areas, and bugle into drainages but don't expect immediate responses unless you get lucky. I usually have decent midday luck by taking it slow and waiting for lazy responses, I might bugle 2-3 times over 5-10 minutes and get a response 5-15 minutes later. You've got all day so take your time, get out and explore new areas. I like the mindset where I'm not necessarily trying to kill an elk this second, I'm trying to find an elk to kill this evening or tomorrow. Low pressure approaches have worked well for me.
Midday cold calling sessions have never worked for me, but a large part is I just really dislike them. Calling in silent bulls is mentally tough, I'd rather put my calls away and stalk one than sit there all day waiting on a silent, cautious bull coming in like that.