Article 4
WKR
Exactly my point. Cherry pick one yellow statement in one sentence and make a conclusion on the entire study> Well doneSince I promised you some links.
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://gundata.org/images/fbi-handgun-ballistics.pdf
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://thinlineweapons.com/IWBA/2001-Vol5No2.pdf
Exponentially? LOL. The additional energy is meaningless if the elastic limit of the tissue hasn't been exceeded. The 'added' damage to organs won't likely lead to decreased incapacitation time. IF the ballistic pressure wave is close enough to the nervous system it could cause temporary or permanent incapacitation.
Here's a highlighted portion from a study you linked when we had a similar discussion earlier this year.
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://medcoeckapwstorprd01.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/pfw-images/borden/conventional-warfare/Chap4Pages13-25.pdf
View attachment 807339
I'll make the same response as I did in June to this paper.
"This paper seeks to support the notion of ‘hydrostatic shock’, but it fails to prove how meaningful it is to incapacitate as it relates to time since it is just simply a review of the existing literature on ballistic pressure waves. It even fails to prove that hydrostatic shock would be the correct terminology for the observed effect, since ballistic pressure wave is a much more accurate description.
If someone wanted to use this paper to ‘prove’ hydrostatic shock exists I guess you could. I think it would be more accurate to say that it shows there is research measuring tissue damage from ballistic pressure waves/the temporary stretch cavity and cause damage at energy transfer levels above 300ft/lb and is more evident above 600ft/lb, but how this aids in time to incapacitation is undetermined currently."
It is NOT meaningless - the study shows exactly how meaningful it is - try reading page 2 the entire right side of the data.
here is part of it
For example, Ibolja Cernak, a leadingresearcher in blast wave injury at theApplied Physics Laboratory at JohnsHopkins University, hypothesized,"alterations in brain function followingblast exposure are induced by kineticenergy transfer of blast overpressure viagreat blood vessels in abdomen andthorax to the central nervous system."[22]This hypothesis is supported byobservations of neural effects in thebrain from localized blast exposurefocused on the lungs in animalexperiments.[20]“Hydrostatic shock” expresses the ideathat organs can be damaged by thepressure wave independently fromdirect contact with the penetratingprojectile. If one interprets the "shock" in"hydrostatic shock" to refer tophysiological effects rather than physicalwave characteristics, the question ofwhether the pressure waves satisfy thedefinition of “shock wave” isunimportant. There is compellingscientific evidence supporting the abilityof a ballistic pressure wave to createtissue damage and incapacitation inliving targets.
Here is a quote talking about pressure waves measured in PSI - again supporting my premise
Remote Pressure Wave Effects in theSpine and Internal OrgansThe brain is not the only organ subjectto remote pressure wave effects. In astudy of handgun injury, Sturtevantfound that pressure waves from a bulletimpact in the torso can reach the spine.Moreover, a focusing effect fromconcave surfaces can concentrate thepressure wave on the spinal cord,producing significant injury.[15] This isconsistent with other work showingremote spinal cord injuries from ballisticimpacts.[38][39]A group at Johns Hopkins University(Roberts et al.) has published bothexperimental work and finite elementmodeling showing considerablepressure wave magnitudes in thethoracic cavity produced by handgunprojectiles stopped by a Kevlarvest.[16][17] For example, an 8 gramprojectile at 360 m/s impacting a NIJlevel II vest over the sternum canproduce an estimated pressure wavelevel of nearly 2.0 MPa (300 PSI) in theheart and of nearly 1.5 MPa (220 PSI) in 4the lungs. Impacting over the liver canproduce an estimated pressure wavelevel of 2.0 MPa (300 PSI) in the liver.
There is even more discussion in the pic for
You were incorrect in June and continue to be, about this study anyway
Ill read the others as I am able.