In low light, 10x42 SLC’s can spot elk at a mile or more no problem. Counting points at a mile, even in good light, can be tough, but if its a monster bull you will know it. My buddy sitting next to me using 10x42 NL pures, both of us on tripods, never out glassed me, even with his better natural eye sight. The elk we glassed were 1-1.5 miles away, sometime in smoke haze from fires, from first light to last. Could clearly make out the big 360”+ bull but not within the first/last 30 min of light. Could see elk, not so much antlers.
My issue with 12’s is using them in hand when the tripod is put away. Too easy to shake and good glass amplifies it. My buddy with the 10x pures also carried a 65m ATS spotter which we used to confirm the elk we spotted. As much as carrying a spotter sucks weight wise, they are a priceless tool with a specific purpose. If you dont care about antler size, 8x or 10x will be plenty to find elk at 1-2 miles. But if you care about trophy quality, nothing beats a spotting scope.