I don't think you're necessarily missing anything, I think they've just taken over as the "industry standard." Technically it gives more room for erector travel and light transmission (supposedly), but honestly I think it's just the way the market has gone over time.
If you're in the camp of "I will ONLY ever use 1" scopes," then you're missing out on some fantastic optical options, since I would dare say the vast majority of modern optics are available only with 30mm tubes. But if it's the type of thing that "I mostly have used 1" tube optics because they work for me, but I would use a 30mm scope if it fit my use case," then I say it's not an issue.
I guess the only other thing you're "missing out on" is the scope mount/ring options. There are a ton of quality rings that aren't available for 1" scope tubes, so you're automatically excluded from using them if you'll ONLY use 1" scopes.
I personally don't care what the tube diameter is, as long as it has enough erector travel and is durable and fits my use case. In my safe, all the optics that check those boxes happen to be 30mm options. But if they were 1" and still checked my boxes, I wouldn't care at all and would happily use and carry them and not think twice.